Few Abbreviation related to PCB designing and their explanations.

ADC- Analogue to Digital Converter 

AGND- Analogue Ground - separate ground for analogue signals 

Auto-MDIX -Automatically Medium Dependent Interface Crossing - a PHY with Auto-MDIX is able to detect whether RX and TX need to be crossed (MDI or MDIX) 

CAD-Computer-Aided Design

CAN-Controller Area Network - a bus that is manly used in automotive and industrial environment 

CDMA-Code Division Multiplex Access - an abbreviation often used for a mobile phone standard for data communication 

CEC-Consumer Electronic Control - a HDMI feature that allows to control CEC compatible devices 

CPU-Central Processing Unit 

CSI-Camera Serial Interface 

DAC-Digital to Analogue Converter 

DDC -Display Data Channel - an interface for reading out the capability of a monitor, in this document DDC2B (based on I2C) is always meant 

DRC-Design Rule Check - a tool for checking whether all design rules are satisfied in a CAD tool 

DSI-Display Serial Interface 

DVI-Digital Visual Interface. Digital signals are electrical compatible with HDMI 

DVI-A-Digital Visual Interface Analogue only. Signals are compatible with VGA 

DVI-D-Digital Visual Interface Digital only. Signals are electrical compatible with HDMI 

DVI-I-Digital Visual Interface Integrated. Combines digital and analogue video signals in one connector 

EDA- Electronic Design Automation - software for schematic capture and PCB layout (CAD or ECAD) 

EDID- Extended Display Identification Data - timing setting information provided by the display in a PROM 

EMC -Electromagnetic Compatibility -theory of unintentional generation, propagation, and reception of electromagnetic energy EMI Electromagnetic Interference - high frequency disturbances 

eMMC- Embedded Multi Media Card - flash memory combined with MMC interface controller in a BGA package, used as internal flash memory 

ESD Electrostatic Discharge - high voltage spike or spark that can damage electrostatic-sensitive devices 

FPD-Link Flat Panel Display Link - high-speed serial interface for liquid crystal displays. In this document, also called LVDS interface.

 GBE Gigabit Ethernet - Ethernet interface with a maximum data rate of 1000Mbit/s GND Ground

 GPIO- General Purpose Input/Output pin that can be configured to be either an input or output

 GSM- Global System for Mobile Communications 

HDA- High Definition Audio (HD Audio) - digital audio interface between CPU and audio codec 

HDCP -High-Bandwidth Digital Content Protection - a copy protection system that is used by HDMI besides others 

HDMI -High-Definition Multimedia Interface - it combines audio and video signal for connecting monitors, TV sets or Projectors, electrical compatible with DVI-D I2C Inter-Integrated Circuit- a two wire interface for connecting low speed peripherals I2S Integrated Interchip Sound- a serial bus for connecting PCM audio data between two devices

 IrDA- Infrared Data Association - an infrared interface for connecting peripherals

 JTAG- Joint Test Action Group - widely used debug interface

 LCD- Liquid Crystal Display 

LSB- Least Significant Bit 

LVDS- Low-Voltage Differential Signaling, electrical interface standard that can transport very high speed signals over twisted-pair cables. Many interfaces like PCIe or SATA use this interface. Since the first successful application was the Flat Panel Display Link, LVDS became a synonymous for this interface. In this document, the term LVDS is used for the FPD-Link interface.

 MIPI- Mobile Industry Processor Interface Alliance 

MDI- Medium Dependent Interface, physical interface between Ethernet PHY and cable connector 

MDIX- Medium Dependent Interface Crossed, an MDI interface with crossed RX and TX interfaces 

mini PCIe -PCI Express Mini Card, card form factor for internal peripherals. The interface features PCIe and USB 2.0 connectivity

 MMC- MultiMediaCard, flash memory card MSB Most Significant Bit  mSATA Mini-SATA - a standardized form factor for small solid state drive, similar dimensions as mini PCIe 

MXM3 -Mobile PCI Express Module (second generation) - graphic card standard for mobile device. The Apalis form factor uses the physical connector but not the pin-out and the PCB dimensions of the MXM3 standard. 

 N/A -Not Available

 N/C- Not Connected 

OD- Open Drain 

OTG USB- On-The-Go - a USB host interface that can also act as USB client when connected to another host interface OWR One Wire (1-Wire) - low speed interface which needs just one data wire plus ground

 PCB- Printed Circuit Board

 PCI- Peripheral Component Interconnect - parallel computer expansion bus for connecting peripherals

 PCIe PCI Express - high-speed serial computer expansion bus that replaces the PCI bus 

PCM Pulse-Code Modulation - digitally representation of analogue signals. Standard interface for digital audio PD Pull Down Resistor PHY Physical Layer of the OSI model PMIC Power Management IC, integrated circuit that manages amongst others the power sequence of a system

 PU- Pull-Up Resistor

 PWM- Pulse-Width Modulation

 RGB- Red Green Blue - color channels in common display interfaces

 RJ45- Registered Jack - a common name for the 8P8C modular connector that is used for Ethernet wiring

 RS232 -Single ended serial port interface

 RS422 -Differential signaling serial port interface, full duplex 

RS485- Differential signaling serial port interface, half duplex, multi drop configuration possible 

R-UIM -Removable User Identity Module -  identifications card for CDMA phones and networks, an extension of the GSM SIM card 

These are few abbereviations which a PCB Layout designer needs to know. Because they will find this abberiviations oftenly.

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